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Adelaide-class frigate
The ''Adelaide'' class is a ship class of six guided missile frigates constructed in Australia and the United States of America for service in the Royal Australian Navy. The class is based on the United States Navy's ''Oliver Hazard Perry''-class frigates, but modified for Australian requirements. The first four vessels were built in the United States, while the other two were constructed in Australia.
The first ship entered service in November 1980, and three of the six ships are active as of 2015. ''Canberra'' and ''Adelaide'' were paid off in 2005 and 2008 respectively, and later sunk as dive wrecks: their decommissioning was to offset the cost of a A$1 billion weapons and equipment upgrade to the remaining four ships. ''Sydney'' was decommissioned in late 2015, after spending most of the year as a moored training ship. The ''Hobart''-class air-warfare destroyers will replace the remaining frigates from 2016 onwards.
==Construction and acquisition==
Following the cancellation of the Australian light destroyer project in 1973, the British Type 42 destroyer and the American ''Oliver Hazard Perry''-class frigate were identified as alternatives.〔 Although the Type 42 met the RAN's requirements as a replacement for the cancelled light destroyers and the ''Daring''-class destroyers, fitting the ship with the SM-1 missile would have been difficult.〔 On the other hand, the ''Perry'' class was still at the design stage; a design that was described by assessment project staff as "a second rate escort that falls short of the DDL (destroyer ) requirements on virtually every respect".〔〔Frame, ''Pacific Partners'', pgs. 102, 162〕 Despite this, the Australian government approved the purchase of two US-built ''Perry''-class ships in 1974.〔Jones, in Stevens, ''The Royal Australian Navy'', p. 220〕
The risk of acquiring an unproven design was seen as acceptable because of the success of the USN's ''Charles F. Adams''-class destroyer (of which the RAN operated three ships as the ''Perth'' class), when compared to the equivalent British ships the RAN would have purchased.〔 Final government approval to order two ships was granted in 1976, with a third ship ordered in 1977.〔Frame, ''Pacific Partners'', p. 162〕 The order was later expanded with the order of a fourth unit.〔MacDougall, ''Australians at war'', p. 345〕 These four ships were built by Todd Pacific Shipyards of Seattle, Washington, as part of the USN's shipbuilding program, and were assigned USN hull numbers during construction, which were replaced with RAN pennant numbers upon entering service.〔Hooton, ''Perking-up the Perry class''〕 The first, HMAS ''Adelaide'' (USN hull number FFG-17, RAN pennant number FFG 01) was built to the Flight I design, while ''Canberra'' (FFG-18/FFG 02) and ''Sydney'' (FFG-35/FFG 03) were the first and last ships of the Flight II design, respectively.〔 The final American-built ship was ''Darwin'' (FFG-44/FFG 04); constructed to the Flight III design.〔 In 1980, two more ships (''Melbourne'' and ''Newcastle'') were ordered, but were built in Australia by AMECON of Williamstown, Victoria, and did not receive USN numbers.〔〔
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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